Safeguarding the Seas
Stopping the pollution of our oceans by ships and fast ferries and preventing deadly collisions with whales

Fast Ferries: Clean Water Transit or More Dirty Diesel?

The next generation of commuter and passenger ferries must be at least 10 times cleaner than today’s in order to achieve clean water transit. Speeding across waterways, fast ferries spew more dangerous pollutants into the air than either cars or transit buses - four to nine times more per passenger mile. Without use of cleaner fuels and technologies, by 2007, ferry air pollution will grow to 100 to 1,000 times more polluting per passenger mile. While cars and buses have become 97 percent cleaner in recent decades, ferries continue to foul the air with toxic exhaust from dirty diesel engines.
Any new commuter vessel put into service should, at a minimum, meet the emissions and other environmental standards established by the San Francisco Bay Area Water Transit Authority. This standard requires new engines to be 85 percent cleaner than the 2007 federal air pollution standards. Neither international nor US EPA standards are adequate to prevent increased air emissions from ferry expansion compared to cars, buses, rail or other modes. As a result, the ferry industry must go farther and embrace non-diesel technologies such as hybrid-electric systems found in today’s cleanest cars. Biodiesel, solar energy, wind power and, eventually, fuel cells are critical for making ferries a viable and clean transportation option.

To help relieve the traffic nightmares that occur every day on our nation's highways, ferry systems are being expanded. In many port areas including San Francisco, Seattle, New York and Miami, plans are underway to expand ferry fleets. But today’s ferries come with a host of environmental problems.

Conventional marine diesel engines emit cancer-causing soot, smog-forming compounds, and air toxics that degrade the environment and threaten public health. When traveling at speeds of 30 knots or more, ferries are more likely to collide with whales and other marine mammals. As new ferry terminals are built along shorelines, sensitive wetlands can be disturbed or destroyed. Nearby communities may suffer dirtier air and face a proliferation of parking lots, disruptive artificial lighting, and commercial development around these new facilities.

The future of ferry systems is at a crucial crossroads. While in the planning phase, we have the opportunity to develop the most environmentally friendly systems in the world. Bluewater Network is leading the way by promoting the use of cleaner fuels and technologies, the design of low-wake vessels, and the protection of marine habitats.

Read the Latest News

San Francisco Biodiesel Program to Explore Maritime Use (September 21, 2006)
See Bluewater's presentation to the Biodiesel Task Force

Green fuel to power Red & White Ferry Fleet (August 16, 2006)

Golden Gate Bridge District Plans New Ferry (June 29, 2006)

Bluewater Network's Letter to the Editor of the Marin IJ (June 28, 2006)

Bluewater Network calls for low-emissions ferry engine (June 27, 2006)

Solar Sailors Soon to Sail the Bay (June, 16, 2006)

Solar, wind powered ferries to sail S.F. Bay (May 25, 2006)

Hybrid Solar Ferries Planned for Alcatraz Tours (May 10, 2006)

First Two Low Emissions Ferries Ordered for San Francisco Bay (April 27, 2006)

Alcatraz Ferry Contract Awarded. Bluewater Network urges National Park Service to ensure that ferry operator complies with environmental commitments. Read our letter.

Ferry Fuel Standard Extended to all Harborcraft. The law requiring ferries in California to burn on-road diesel that Bluewater Network passed more than five years ago (AB2135) was extended by regulation to all harborcraft in 2005. Read the Air Resources Board regulatory documents.

Port Sonoma Gets $20 M for ferry project. Bluewater Network opposes “pork” expenditure in letter to Congresswoman Lynn Woolsey and the Water Transit Authority.

Biodiesel on the Bay. Bluewater Network partners with Red & White Fleet during World Environment Week. Read the press release.

New Federal Air Pollution Initiative Will Help Reduce Ferry Exhaust on San Francisco Bay

Ferries Switching to Cleaner Fuels before 2010 Federal Deadline

New York 2003 Ferry Report and New California Ferry Standards. Read the New York report.

New Study reveals that New York Ferries are Hundreds of Times More Polluting Per Passenger than Cars, Busses or Trains. Read the full report.

Clean Ferry Coalition Applauds World's First Fuel Cell Ferry Project


Read our Growing List of Victories:

2005

Ferry diesel fuel standard established by Bluewater Network bill extended to all harborcraft in California.

Bluewater Network partners with Red and White Fleet to sponsor Biodiesel on the Bay during World Environment Week in California.

2004

Collaborated with New York groups to derail ferry service through the Jamaica Bay and Gateway National Recreation Area to JFK Airport because it did not provide environmental protections from air and water pollution.

Bluewater Network helped US EPA and Blue and Gold Fleet launch pilot project to test emulsified fuel on ferry engines though West Coast Emissions Reduction Collaborative.

2003
Bluewater Network’s New York ferry emissions report prompts city officials to clean up public and private ferries by installing new technologies and testing alternative fuels.

Low-emissions mandate in new San Francisco Bay ferry plan passed into law along with environmental requirements to use biodiesel, build low-wake vessels and protect wildlife.

Fuel cell ferry oversight panel established at Bluewater Network’s request to ensure that demonstration vessel is commercially viable and will utilize hybrid-electric propulsion and solar panels for auxiliary power.

2002

San Francisco ferry planners mandate a low-emissions standard that will make its proposed new fleet 10 times cleaner than today's ferries in response to Bluewater Network's recommendations.

Biodiesel fuel was tested in a San Francisco Bay ferry and a fuel cell ferry demonstration project was announced by ferry planners in response to Bluewater Network’s education and advocacy efforts to make ferries cleaner.

 

Read the Following to Learn More:

Making Fast Ferries Cleaner and Greener: overview of environmentally friendly solutions that Bluewater Network promotes

Read Bluewater's New York Ferry air pollution report hot off the press that reveals that New York Ferries are hundreds of times more polluting per passenger than cars, buses or trains.

New Ferry Expansion Comments: Bluewater Network's comments on the revised environmental review of ferry expansion on San Francisco Bay, May 2003

Ferry Expansion Comments: Bluewater Network's comments on ferry expansion and environmental review, October 2002

Alternative Fuels and Technologies for Ferries: fact sheet on environmentally fuels and technologies

Marine Diesel Engines and Air Pollution: fact sheet about the range of pollutants emitted from marine diesel engines

Clean Ferry Coalition: fact sheet detailing the coalition platform and a list of members

Ferry Expansion Scoping Comments: recommendations for evaluating the environmental impacts of the ferry expansion plan for San Francisco Bay

Call for Solar Ferries: resolution approved by the San Francisco Board of Supervisors calling for a hybrid solar-electric ferry on the busy Alcatraz route

Call for Cleaner Marine Transportation: resolution approved by the San Francisco Board of Supervisors calling for ferry operators to adopt environmentally friendly policies

Solar Sailor: information about the world's first hybrid-electric, solar, and wind-powered ferry

Bay Area Transit Options Emission Report: ground-breaking paper that quantifies the air pollution generated by ferries

Read Teri Shore's articles published in Bay Crossings:

Can Expanding Ferry Fleet Solve Wake and Air Quality Issues? (January 2003)

A Vision For San Francisco Bay (November 2002)

New York Ferry Fleet Expansion Causing Waves (September 2002)

Get Answers to Some Frequently Asked Questions:

Visit These Related Websites:

Solar Sailor: Advanced Watercraft Technologies solar alternative to diesel-powered ferries

San Francisco Bay Crossings: monthly publication featuring articles of interest on San Francisco Bay cultural, environmental, and maritime issues.

US Maritime Administration Workshop on Alternative Fuels for
Ferries and Other Vessels
: agenda from the November 2000 workshop to explore the potential for using alternative fuels aboard marine vessels

National Biodiesel Board: the national trade association representing the biodiesel industry

World Energy Alternatives: the largest provider of alternative fuel solutions for federal, state, utility, transit, municipal, and private fleets nationwide

San Francisco Bay Area Water Transit Authority: regional agency developing a long-range plan for operating a comprehensive water transit system in San Francisco Bay

 

Take Action

Bluewater Network’s report reveals that New York commuter ferries are far more polluting than cars or buses. Read and download the report (PDF), “Air Pollution from Passenger Ferries in New York Harbor."

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